The Scarlet Honeyeater (Myzomela sanguinolenta) is easy to spot with its bright red feathers. This small bird lives mainly in Australia and measures around 10 to 12 centimetres long. Its cheerful song fills the air as it moves between branches. The Scarlet Myzomela plays a key role in pollinating flowers, supporting the ecosystem wherever it goes.
Description
Physical Appearance
The Scarlet Myzomela has a unique and eye-catching appearance; it measures 9 to 11 cm (3.5 to 4.3 in) long and boasts a wingspan of 18 cm (7.1 in).
Plumage
Males feature a bright scarlet head, nape, and upper breast, with black wings. The belly and flanks are mottled grey. A narrow black stripe runs from the beak to the eye, adding to their charm. Females show a more subtle look with a brown head and neck, grey-brown throat and chin, and brown upperparts. Some may have scarlet patches.
Distinct Features
Short tails and long, down-curved bills stand out, along with dark brown irises that give this bird a gentle expression. The Scarlet Myzomela's captivating colours and unique traits make it a joy to see in its habitat.
Habitat
The Scarlet Myzomela is found along Australia’s eastern coastline, from Cape York in Queensland to Gippsland in Victoria. It prefers areas where dry sclerophyll forests dominate and the tall, hardy eucalyptus trees provide ample shelter. These birds usually hang out in the upper canopy, staying high above the ground where their food sources are more plentiful.
Preferred environment
Their habitat choice includes a mix of woodland environments, but the presence of eucalypts is a key feature. These trees offer abundant nectar, which the Scarlet Myzomela feeds on regularly. So, if you’re looking for one, check out areas with a thick canopy of eucalypts.
Diet
Scarlet Myzomelas are active foragers, spending much of their time in the canopy searching for food. They hover near blossoms or perch on twigs to sip nectar, using their brush-tipped tongues to extract it. The bird enjoys a mixed diet that consists of insects, including small beetles and spiders, caught mid-flight or picked off leaves and branches.
Behaviour
Breeding and Nesting
The Scarlet Myzomela nests between July and January, sometimes raising up to three broods in a season. Their nests are small cups made from shredded bark, usually placed high in trees or within mistletoe. These tiny, delicate nests are well hidden and offer good protection for their eggs and chicks.
Vocalisations
This bird has a wide range of calls and is known for being more vocal than most honeyeaters. Its songs include a pleasant tinkling sound, and it uses contact calls to communicate with others in the area. These calls are often heard in the morning and during active feeding times.
Territoriality
Male Scarlet Myzomelas are territorial and use their songs to claim their space. They can get quite defensive when intruders approach. Despite their small size, they will hold their ground, but larger honeyeaters sometimes push them out. Their territorial behaviour is most intense during breeding season, ensuring they have the resources needed to raise their young.
Conservation Status
Population Trends
The Scarlet Myzomela is classified as "Least Concern" by the IUCN. Thanks to its large range and a stable population, this species is not currently facing any immediate danger. The bird can be found across a wide variety of environments, from forests to mangroves, which helps support its population growth.
Threats
Despite its stable numbers, the Scarlet Myzomela faces some challenges. Larger honeyeaters compete for the same food sources, which sometimes limits access to nectar and insects. Additionally, habitat loss due to deforestation poses a threat to the bird’s long-term survival.
Fun Facts
- The Scarlet Honeyeater is the tiniest honeyeater in Australia, measuring about 10 cm.
- This bird prefers a solitary life but can sometimes be spotted in pairs or small flocks.
- Its striking red colouring has earned it the nickname "blood bird."
- The Scarlet Honeyeater's vocalisations are often compared to the sound of a cork being rubbed on glass, creating a distinct call that's easy to recognise.
Similar Species
Red-headed Myzomela
The red-headed myzomela shares part of its range with the scarlet myzomela. While both birds live in similar habitats, their appearances differ. The red-headed myzomela has bright red feathers limited to its head, while the rest of its body is covered in darker plumage. This unique colour pattern helps distinguish the two species when seen together.
Dusky Myzomela
The dusky myzomela closely resembles the female scarlet myzomela, especially in colour. However, the dusky myzomela is larger and darker, making it a bit more distinct. This species tends to be more difficult to spot in dense forests, as its colour blends better with shadows, unlike the female scarlet myzomela, which is lighter overall.
